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diff --git a/mnv/runtime/tutor/tutor2 b/mnv/runtime/tutor/tutor2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..da71e7e9cc --- /dev/null +++ b/mnv/runtime/tutor/tutor2 @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ +=============================================================================== += W e l c o m e t o t h e M N V T u t o r - Version 1.7 = +=============================================================================== += C H A P T E R TWO = +=============================================================================== + + Hic Sunt Dracones: if this is your first exposure to mnv and you + intended to avail yourself of the introductory chapter, kindly type + :q!<ENTER> and run mnvtutor for Chapter 1 instead. + + The approximate time required to complete this chapter is 8-10 minutes, + depending upon how much time is spent with experimentation. + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.1: MASTERING TEXT OBJECTS + + ** Operate on logical text blocks with precision using text objects ** + + 1. Practice word operations: + - Place cursor on any word in the line below + - Type diw to delete INNER word (word without surrounding space) + - Type daw to delete A WORD (including trailing whitespace) + - Try with other operators: ciw (change), yiw (yank), gqiw (format) + +---> Practice on: "MNV's", (text_object), and 'powerful' words here. + + 2. Work with bracketed content: + - Put cursor inside any () {} [] <> pair below + - Type di( or dib (delete inner bracket) + - Type da( or dab (delete around brackets) + - Try same with i"/a" for quotes, it/at for HTML/XML tags + +---> Test cases: {curly}, [square], <angle>, and "quoted" items. + + 3. Paragraph and sentence manipulation: + - Use dip to delete inner paragraph (cursor anywhere in paragraph) + - Use vap to visually select entire paragraph + - Try das to delete a sentence (works between .!? punctuation) + + 4. Advanced combinations: + - ciwnew<ESC> - Change current word to "new" + - ciw"<CTRL-R>-"<ESC> - Wrap current word in quotes + - gUit - Uppercase inner HTML tag content + - va"p - Select quoted text and paste over it + +---> Final exercise: (Modify "this" text) by [applying {various} operations]< + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.2: THE NAMED REGISTERS + + + ** Store two yanked words concurrently and then paste them ** + + 1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ---> + + 2. Navigate to any point on the word 'Edward' and type "ayiw + +MNEMONIC: into register(") named (a) (y)ank (i)nner (w)ord + + 3. Navigate forward to the word 'cookie' (fk or 3fc or $2b or /co<ENTER>) + and type "byiw + + 4. Navigate to any point on the word 'Vince' and type ciw<CTRL-R>a<ESC> + +MNEMONIC: (c)hange (i)nner (w)ord with <contents of (r)egister> named (a) + + 5. Navigate to any point on the word 'cake' and type ciw<CTRL-R>b<ESC> + +---> a) Edward will henceforth be in charge of the cookie rations + b) In this capacity, Vince will have sole cake discretionary powers + +NOTE: Delete also works into registers, i.e. "sdiw will delete the word under + the cursor into register s. + +REFERENCE: Registers :h registers + Named Registers :h quotea + Motion :h motion.txt<ENTER> /inner<ENTER> + CTRL-R :h insert<ENTER> /CTRL-R<ENTER> + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.3: THE EXPRESSION REGISTER + + + ** Insert the results of calculations on the fly ** + + 1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ---> + + 2. Navigate to any point on the supplied number + + 3. Type ciw<CTRL-R> followed by =60*60*24<ENTER> + + 4. On the next line, enter insert mode and add today's date with + <CTRL-R> followed by =system('date')<ENTER> + +NOTE: All calls to system are OS dependent, e.g. on Windows use + system('date /t') or :r!date /t + +---> I have forgotten the exact number of seconds in a day, is it 84600? + Today's date is: + +NOTE: the same can be achieved with :pu=system('date') + or, with fewer keystrokes :r!date + +REFERENCE: Expression Register :h quote= + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.4: THE NUMBERED REGISTERS + + + ** Press yy and dd to witness their effect on the registers ** + + 1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ---> + + 2. Yank the zeroth line, then inspect registers with :reg<ENTER> + + 3. Delete line 0. with "cdd, then inspect registers + (Where do you expect line 0 to be?) + + 4. Continue deleting each successive line, inspecting :reg as you go + +NOTE: You should notice that old full-line deletions move down the list + as new full-line deletions are added + + 5. Now (p)aste the following registers in order; c, 7, 4, 8, 2. i.e. "7p + +---> 0. This + 9. wobble + 8. secret + 7. is + 6. on + 5. axis + 4. a + 3. war + 2. message + 1. tribute + +NOTE: Whole line deletions (dd) are much longer lived in the numbered registers + than whole line yanks, or deletions involving smaller movements + +REFERENCE: Numbered Registers :h quote0 + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.5: SPECIAL REGISTERS + + ** Use system clipboard and blackhole registers for advanced editing ** + + Note: Clipboard use requires X11/Wayland libraries on Linux systems AND + a MNV built with "+clipboard" (usually a Huge build). Check with + ":version" and ":echo has('clipboard_working')" + + 1. Clipboard registers + and * : + - "+y - Yank to system clipboard (e.g. "+yy for current line) + - "+p - Paste from system clipboard + - "* is primary selection on X11 (middle-click), "+ is clipboard + +---> Try: "+yy then paste into another application with Ctrl-V or Cmd+V + + 2. Blackhole register _ discards text: + - "_daw - Delete word without saving to any register + - Useful when you don't want to overwrite your default " register + - Note this is using the "a Word" text object, introduced in a previous + lession + - "_dd - Delete line without saving + - "_dap - Delete paragraph without saving + - Combine with counts: 3"_dw + +---> Practice: "_diw on any word to delete it without affecting yank history + + 3. Combine with visual selections: + - Select text with V then "+y + - To paste from clipboard in insert mode: <CTRL-R>+ + - Try opening another application and paste from clipboard + + 4. Remember: + - Clipboard registers work across different MNV instances + - Clipboard register is not always working + - Blackhole prevents accidental register overwrites + - Default " register is still available for normal yank/paste + - Named registers (a-z) remain private to each MNV session + + 5. Clipboard troubleshooting: + - Check support with :echo has('clipboard_working') + - 1 means available, 0 means not compiled in + - On Linux, may need mnv-gtk or mnv-x11 package + (check :version output) + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1.6: THE BEAUTY OF MARKS + + ** Code monkey arithmetic avoidance ** + +NOTE: a common conundrum when coding is moving around large chunks of code. + The following technique helps avoid number line calculations associated + with operations like "a147d or :945,1091d a or even worse using + i<CTRL-R> followed by =1091-945<ENTER> first + + 1. Move the cursor to the line below marked ---> + + 2. Go to the first line of the function and mark it with ma + +NOTE: exact position on line is NOT important! + + 3. Navigate to the end of the line and then the end of the code block + with $% + + 4. Delete the block into register a with "ad'a + +MNEMONIC: into register(") named (a) put the (d)eletion from the cursor to the + LINE containing mark(') (a) + + 5. Paste the block between BBB and CCC "ap + +NOTE: practice this operation multiple times to become fluent ma$%"ad'a + +---> AAA + function itGotRealBigRealFast() { + if ( somethingIsTrue ) { + doIt() + } + // the taxonomy of our function has changed and it + // no longer makes alphabetical sense in its current position + + // imagine hundreds of lines of code + + // naively you could navigate to the start and end and record or + // remember each line number + } + BBB + CCC + +NOTE: marks and registers do not share a namespace, therefore register a is + completely independent of mark a. This is not true of registers and + macros. + +REFERENCE: Marks :h marks + Mark Motions :h mark-motions (difference between ' and `) + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + Lesson 2.1 SUMMARY + + 1. Text objects provide precision editing: + - iw/aw - inner/around word + - i[/a[ - inner/around bracket + - i"/a" - inner/around quotes + - it/at - inner/around tag + - ip/ap - inner/around paragraph + - is/as - inner/around sentence + + 2. To store (yank, delete) text into, and retrieve (paste) from, a total of + 26 registers (a-z) + 3. Yank a whole word from anywhere within a word: yiw + 4. Change a whole word from anywhere within a word: ciw + 5. Insert text directly from registers in insert mode: <CTRL-R>a + + 6. Insert the results of simple arithmetic operations: <CTRL-R> followed by + =60*60<ENTER> + in insert mode + 7. Insert the results of system calls: <CTRL-R> followed by + =system('ls -1')<ENTER> + in insert mode + + 8. Inspect registers with :reg + 9. Learn the final destination of whole line deletions: dd in the numbered + registers, i.e. descending from register 1 - 9. Appreciate that whole + line deletions are preserved in the numbered registers longer than any + other operation + 10. Learn the final destination of all yanks in the numbered registers and + how ephemeral they are + + 11. Place marks from command mode m[a-zA-Z0-9] + 12. Move line-wise to a mark with ' + + 13. Special registers: + - "+/"* - System clipboard (OS dependent) + - "_ - Blackhole (discard deleted/yanked text) + - "= - Expression register + - "- - Small delete register + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + This concludes chapter two of the MNV Tutor. It is a work in progress. + + This chapter was written by Paul D. Parker and Christian Brabandt. + +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ |