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diff --git a/json4cpp/tests/src/unit-custom-base-class.cpp b/json4cpp/tests/src/unit-custom-base-class.cpp
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+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++ (supporting code)
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include <set>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include "doctest_compatibility.h"
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+
+// Test extending nlohmann::json by using a custom base class.
+// Add some metadata to each node and test the behaviour of copy / move
+template<class MetaDataType>
+class json_metadata
+{
+ public:
+ using metadata_t = MetaDataType;
+ metadata_t& metadata()
+ {
+ return m_metadata;
+ }
+ const metadata_t& metadata() const
+ {
+ return m_metadata;
+ }
+ private:
+ metadata_t m_metadata = {};
+};
+
+template<class T>
+using json_with_metadata =
+ nlohmann::basic_json <
+ std::map,
+ std::vector,
+ std::string,
+ bool,
+ std::int64_t,
+ std::uint64_t,
+ double,
+ std::allocator,
+ nlohmann::adl_serializer,
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t>,
+ json_metadata<T>
+ >;
+
+TEST_CASE("JSON Node Metadata")
+{
+ SECTION("type int")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<int>;
+ json null;
+ auto obj = json::object();
+ auto array = json::array();
+
+ null.metadata() = 1;
+ obj.metadata() = 2;
+ array.metadata() = 3;
+ auto copy = array;
+
+ CHECK(null.metadata() == 1);
+ CHECK(obj.metadata() == 2);
+ CHECK(array.metadata() == 3);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata() == 3);
+ }
+ SECTION("type vector<int>")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ auto copy = value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().size() == 1);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ }
+ SECTION("copy ctor")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ json copy = value;
+
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+
+ value.metadata().clear();
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 0);
+ }
+ SECTION("move ctor")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ const json moved = std::move(value);
+
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ }
+ SECTION("move assign")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ json moved;
+ moved = std::move(value);
+
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(moved.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ }
+ SECTION("copy assign")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ json copy;
+ copy = value;
+
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+
+ value.metadata().clear();
+ CHECK(copy.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 0);
+ }
+ SECTION("type unique_ptr<int>")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::unique_ptr<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().reset(new int(42)); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-owning-memory)
+ auto moved = std::move(value);
+
+ CHECK(moved.metadata() != nullptr);
+ CHECK(*moved.metadata() == 42);
+ }
+ SECTION("type vector<int> in json array")
+ {
+ using json = json_with_metadata<std::vector<int>>;
+ json value;
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(1);
+ value.metadata().emplace_back(2);
+
+ json const array(10, value);
+
+ CHECK(value.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(value.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+
+ for (const auto& val : array)
+ {
+ CHECK(val.metadata().size() == 2);
+ CHECK(val.metadata().at(0) == 1);
+ CHECK(val.metadata().at(1) == 2);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+// Test extending nlohmann::json by using a custom base class.
+// Add a custom member function template iterating over the whole json tree.
+class visitor_adaptor
+{
+ public:
+ template <class Fnc>
+ void visit(const Fnc& fnc) const;
+ private:
+ template <class Ptr, class Fnc>
+ void do_visit(const Ptr& ptr, const Fnc& fnc) const;
+};
+
+using json_with_visitor_t = nlohmann::basic_json <
+ std::map,
+ std::vector,
+ std::string,
+ bool,
+ std::int64_t,
+ std::uint64_t,
+ double,
+ std::allocator,
+ nlohmann::adl_serializer,
+ std::vector<std::uint8_t>,
+ visitor_adaptor
+ >;
+
+template <class Fnc>
+void visitor_adaptor::visit(const Fnc& fnc) const
+{
+ do_visit(json_with_visitor_t::json_pointer{}, fnc);
+}
+
+template <class Ptr, class Fnc>
+void visitor_adaptor::do_visit(const Ptr& ptr, const Fnc& fnc) const
+{
+ using value_t = nlohmann::detail::value_t;
+ const json_with_visitor_t& json = *static_cast<const json_with_visitor_t*>(this); // NOLINT(cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast)
+ switch (json.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ for (const auto& entry : json.items())
+ {
+ entry.value().do_visit(ptr / entry.key(), fnc);
+ }
+ break;
+ case value_t::array:
+ for (std::size_t i = 0; i < json.size(); ++i)
+ {
+ json.at(i).do_visit(ptr / std::to_string(i), fnc);
+ }
+ break;
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ break;
+ case value_t::null:
+ case value_t::string:
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ case value_t::binary:
+ default:
+ fnc(ptr, json);
+ }
+}
+
+TEST_CASE("JSON Visit Node")
+{
+ json_with_visitor_t json;
+ json["null"];
+ json["int"] = -1;
+ json["uint"] = 1U;
+ json["float"] = 1.0;
+ json["boolean"] = true;
+ json["string"] = "string";
+ json["array"].push_back(0);
+ json["array"].push_back(1);
+ json["array"].push_back(json);
+
+ std::set<std::string> expected
+ {
+ "/null - null - null",
+ "/int - number_integer - -1",
+ "/uint - number_unsigned - 1",
+ "/float - number_float - 1.0",
+ "/boolean - boolean - true",
+ "/string - string - \"string\"",
+ "/array/0 - number_integer - 0",
+ "/array/1 - number_integer - 1",
+
+ "/array/2/null - null - null",
+ "/array/2/int - number_integer - -1",
+ "/array/2/uint - number_unsigned - 1",
+ "/array/2/float - number_float - 1.0",
+ "/array/2/boolean - boolean - true",
+ "/array/2/string - string - \"string\"",
+ "/array/2/array/0 - number_integer - 0",
+ "/array/2/array/1 - number_integer - 1"
+ };
+
+ json.visit(
+ [&](const json_with_visitor_t::json_pointer & p,
+ const json_with_visitor_t& j)
+ {
+ std::stringstream str;
+ str << p.to_string() << " - " ;
+ using value_t = nlohmann::detail::value_t;
+ switch (j.type())
+ {
+ case value_t::object:
+ str << "object";
+ break;
+ case value_t::array:
+ str << "array";
+ break;
+ case value_t::discarded:
+ str << "discarded";
+ break;
+ case value_t::null:
+ str << "null";
+ break;
+ case value_t::string:
+ str << "string";
+ break;
+ case value_t::boolean:
+ str << "boolean";
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_integer:
+ str << "number_integer";
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_unsigned:
+ str << "number_unsigned";
+ break;
+ case value_t::number_float:
+ str << "number_float";
+ break;
+ case value_t::binary:
+ str << "binary";
+ break;
+ default:
+ str << "error";
+ break;
+ }
+ str << " - " << j.dump();
+ CHECK(json.at(p) == j);
+ INFO(str.str());
+ CHECK(expected.count(str.str()) == 1);
+ expected.erase(str.str());
+ }
+ );
+ CHECK(expected.empty());
+}
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