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+// __ _____ _____ _____
+// __| | __| | | | JSON for Modern C++ (supporting code)
+// | | |__ | | | | | | version 3.12.0
+// |_____|_____|_____|_|___| https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+//
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2013-2026 Niels Lohmann <https://nlohmann.me>
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include "doctest_compatibility.h"
+
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+using nlohmann::json;
+#ifdef JSON_TEST_NO_GLOBAL_UDLS
+ using namespace nlohmann::literals; // NOLINT(google-build-using-namespace)
+#endif
+
+#include <deque>
+#include <forward_list>
+#include <list>
+#include <set>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+// local variable is initialized but not referenced
+DOCTEST_MSVC_SUPPRESS_WARNING_PUSH
+DOCTEST_MSVC_SUPPRESS_WARNING(4189)
+
+TEST_CASE("README" * doctest::skip())
+{
+ {
+ // redirect std::cout for the README file
+ auto* old_cout_buffer = std::cout.rdbuf();
+ std::ostringstream const new_stream;
+ std::cout.rdbuf(new_stream.rdbuf());
+ {
+ // create an empty structure (null)
+ json j;
+
+ // add a number that is stored as double (note the implicit conversion of j to an object)
+ j["pi"] = 3.141;
+
+ // add a Boolean that is stored as bool
+ j["happy"] = true;
+
+ // add a string that is stored as std::string
+ j["name"] = "Niels";
+
+ // add another null object by passing nullptr
+ j["nothing"] = nullptr;
+
+ // add an object inside the object
+ j["answer"]["everything"] = 42;
+
+ // add an array that is stored as std::vector (using an initializer list)
+ j["list"] = { 1, 0, 2 };
+
+ // add another object (using an initializer list of pairs)
+ j["object"] = { {"currency", "USD"}, {"value", 42.99} };
+
+ // instead, you could also write (which looks very similar to the JSON above)
+ json const j2 =
+ {
+ {"pi", 3.141},
+ {"happy", true},
+ {"name", "Niels"},
+ {"nothing", nullptr},
+ {
+ "answer", {
+ {"everything", 42}
+ }
+ },
+ {"list", {1, 0, 2}},
+ {
+ "object", {
+ {"currency", "USD"},
+ {"value", 42.99}
+ }
+ }
+ };
+ }
+
+ {
+ // ways to express the empty array []
+ json const empty_array_implicit = {{}};
+ CHECK(empty_array_implicit.is_array());
+ json const empty_array_explicit = json::array();
+ CHECK(empty_array_explicit.is_array());
+
+ // a way to express the empty object {}
+ json const empty_object_explicit = json::object();
+ CHECK(empty_object_explicit.is_object());
+
+ // a way to express an _array_ of key/value pairs [["currency", "USD"], ["value", 42.99]]
+ json array_not_object = json::array({ {"currency", "USD"}, {"value", 42.99} });
+ CHECK(array_not_object.is_array());
+ CHECK(array_not_object.size() == 2);
+ CHECK(array_not_object[0].is_array());
+ CHECK(array_not_object[1].is_array());
+ }
+
+ {
+ // create object from string literal
+ json const j = "{ \"happy\": true, \"pi\": 3.141 }"_json; // NOLINT(modernize-raw-string-literal)
+
+ // or even nicer with a raw string literal
+ auto j2 = R"({
+ "happy": true,
+ "pi": 3.141
+ })"_json;
+
+ // or explicitly
+ auto j3 = json::parse(R"({"happy": true, "pi": 3.141})");
+
+ // explicit conversion to string
+ std::string const s = j.dump(); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable) // {\"happy\":true,\"pi\":3.141}
+
+ // serialization with pretty printing
+ // pass in the amount of spaces to indent
+ std::cout << j.dump(4) << std::endl; // NOLINT(performance-avoid-endl)
+ // {
+ // "happy": true,
+ // "pi": 3.141
+ // }
+
+ std::cout << std::setw(2) << j << std::endl; // NOLINT(performance-avoid-endl)
+ }
+
+ {
+ // create an array using push_back
+ json j;
+ j.push_back("foo");
+ j.push_back(1);
+ j.push_back(true);
+
+ // comparison
+ const bool x = (j == R"(["foo", 1, true])"_json); // true
+ CHECK(x == true);
+
+ // iterate the array
+ for (json::iterator it = j.begin(); it != j.end(); ++it) // NOLINT(modernize-loop-convert)
+ {
+ std::cout << *it << '\n';
+ }
+
+ // range-based for
+ for (auto& element : j)
+ {
+ std::cout << element << '\n';
+ }
+
+ // getter/setter
+ const auto tmp = j[0].get<std::string>(); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable)
+ j[1] = 42;
+ const bool foo{j.at(2)};
+ CHECK(foo == true);
+
+ // other stuff
+ CHECK(j.size() == 3); // 3 entries
+ CHECK_FALSE(j.empty()); // false
+ CHECK(j.type() == json::value_t::array); // json::value_t::array
+ j.clear(); // the array is empty again
+
+ // create an object
+ json o;
+ o["foo"] = 23;
+ o["bar"] = false;
+ o["baz"] = 3.141;
+
+ // find an entry
+ CHECK(o.find("foo") != o.end());
+ if (o.find("foo") != o.end()) // NOLINT(readability-container-contains)
+ {
+ // there is an entry with key "foo"
+ }
+ }
+
+ {
+ std::vector<int> const c_vector {1, 2, 3, 4};
+ json const j_vec(c_vector);
+ // [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+ std::deque<float> const c_deque {1.2f, 2.3f, 3.4f, 5.6f};
+ json const j_deque(c_deque);
+ // [1.2, 2.3, 3.4, 5.6]
+
+ std::list<bool> const c_list {true, true, false, true};
+ json const j_list(c_list);
+ // [true, true, false, true]
+
+ std::forward_list<int64_t> const c_flist {12345678909876, 23456789098765, 34567890987654, 45678909876543};
+ json const j_flist(c_flist);
+ // [12345678909876, 23456789098765, 34567890987654, 45678909876543]
+
+ std::array<unsigned long, 4> const c_array {{1, 2, 3, 4}};
+ json const j_array(c_array);
+ // [1, 2, 3, 4]
+
+ std::set<std::string> const c_set {"one", "two", "three", "four", "one"};
+ json const j_set(c_set); // only one entry for "one" is used
+ // ["four", "one", "three", "two"]
+
+ std::unordered_set<std::string> const c_uset {"one", "two", "three", "four", "one"};
+ json const j_uset(c_uset); // only one entry for "one" is used
+ // maybe ["two", "three", "four", "one"]
+
+ std::multiset<std::string> const c_mset {"one", "two", "one", "four"};
+ json const j_mset(c_mset); // both entries for "one" are used
+ // maybe ["one", "two", "one", "four"]
+
+ std::unordered_multiset<std::string> const c_umset {"one", "two", "one", "four"};
+ json const j_umset(c_umset); // both entries for "one" are used
+ // maybe ["one", "two", "one", "four"]
+ }
+
+ {
+ std::map<std::string, int> const c_map { {"one", 1}, {"two", 2}, {"three", 3} };
+ json const j_map(c_map);
+ // {"one": 1, "two": 2, "three": 3}
+
+ std::unordered_map<const char*, float> const c_umap { {"one", 1.2f}, {"two", 2.3f}, {"three", 3.4f} };
+ json const j_umap(c_umap);
+ // {"one": 1.2, "two": 2.3, "three": 3.4}
+
+ std::multimap<std::string, bool> const c_mmap { {"one", true}, {"two", true}, {"three", false}, {"three", true} };
+ json const j_mmap(c_mmap); // only one entry for key "three" is used
+ // maybe {"one": true, "two": true, "three": true}
+
+ std::unordered_multimap<std::string, bool> const c_ummap { {"one", true}, {"two", true}, {"three", false}, {"three", true} };
+ json const j_ummap(c_ummap); // only one entry for key "three" is used
+ // maybe {"one": true, "two": true, "three": true}
+ }
+
+ {
+ // strings
+ std::string const s1 = "Hello, world!";
+ json const js = s1;
+ auto s2 = js.get<std::string>(); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable)
+
+ // Booleans
+ bool const b1 = true;
+ json const jb = b1;
+ const bool b2{jb};
+ CHECK(b2 == true);
+
+ // numbers
+ int const i = 42;
+ json const jn = i;
+ const double f{jn};
+ CHECK(f == 42);
+
+ // etc.
+
+ std::string const vs = js.get<std::string>(); // NOLINT(bugprone-unused-local-non-trivial-variable)
+ const bool vb = jb.get<bool>();
+ CHECK(vb == true);
+ const int vi = jn.get<int>();
+ CHECK(vi == 42);
+
+ // etc.
+ }
+
+ {
+ // a JSON value
+ json j_original = R"({
+ "baz": ["one", "two", "three"],
+ "foo": "bar"
+ })"_json;
+
+ // access members with a JSON pointer (RFC 6901)
+ j_original["/baz/1"_json_pointer];
+ // "two"
+
+ // a JSON patch (RFC 6902)
+ json const j_patch = R"([
+ { "op": "replace", "path": "/baz", "value": "boo" },
+ { "op": "add", "path": "/hello", "value": ["world"] },
+ { "op": "remove", "path": "/foo"}
+ ])"_json;
+
+ // apply the patch
+ json const j_result = j_original.patch(j_patch);
+ // {
+ // "baz": "boo",
+ // "hello": ["world"]
+ // }
+
+ // calculate a JSON patch from two JSON values
+ auto res = json::diff(j_result, j_original);
+ // [
+ // { "op":" replace", "path": "/baz", "value": ["one", "two", "three"] },
+ // { "op":"remove","path":"/hello" },
+ // { "op":"add","path":"/foo","value":"bar" }
+ // ]
+ }
+
+ // restore old std::cout
+ std::cout.rdbuf(old_cout_buffer);
+ }
+}
+
+DOCTEST_MSVC_SUPPRESS_WARNING_POP